【down的固定短语搭配】在英语学习中，“down”是一个非常常见的介词或副词，它与不同的动词、名词等组合后，可以形成许多固定短语搭配。这些搭配不仅丰富了语言表达，也提高了理解和运用英语的能力。以下是对“down”的常见固定短语搭配的总结。
一、常见“down”的固定短语搭配总结
| 短语搭配 | 含义 | 例句 |
| look down on | 看不起，轻视 | He looks down on people who don't have a college degree. |
| put down | 放下；写下来；贬低 | She put down her bag and sat on the chair. The teacher put down his notes and began the class. |
| take down | 拆除；记下；记录 | They took down the old sign. Please take down the important points from the lecture. |
| break down | 崩溃；分解；出故障 | The car broke down on the highway. His health broke down under the pressure. |
| calm down | 冷静下来 | Try to calm down and think clearly. |
| sit down | 坐下 | Please sit down and make yourself comfortable. |
| fall down | 倒下；跌倒 | The tree fell down during the storm. |
| give up/down | 放弃；交出 | He gave up the job after a month. The thief was forced to give down the stolen goods. |
| turn down | 拒绝；调小（音量） | She turned down the offer of a promotion. Can you turn down the TV? It's too loud. |
| lay down | 放下；躺下；制定（规则） | He laid down the law before the meeting. The cat laid down on the sofa. |
二、使用建议
在实际使用中，“down”作为副词时，常常表示方向向下或状态的变化；作为介词时，则常用于描述位置或动作的方向。因此，在记忆这些固定搭配时，不仅要记住其字面意思，还要结合具体语境来理解其实际含义。
此外，有些搭配可能因地区差异而有所不同，例如“give down”在英式英语中较少见，而在美式英语中更常使用“give in”表示“投降”或“让步”。
三、总结
“down”虽然看似简单，但其搭配却十分丰富，涵盖了从动作到情感、从物理位置到抽象概念等多个层面。掌握这些固定搭配不仅能提高语言表达的准确性，还能增强对英语文化的理解。建议在日常学习中多加积累，并通过阅读和听力练习加深印象。
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